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  1. What We Do
  2. Predatory Lending & Private Credit
  3. Shadow Student Debt

Shadow Student Debt

For-profit schools and predatory lenders drive students to take on risky shadow debt.

In the shadow of the student loan market sits a hidden web of credit and debt taken on by students to pay for college. These high-cost, high-risk financial products are used to prop up predatory for-profit schools across the country. Financial services firms partner with schools to drive students and families to take on billions of dollars of shadow student debt.

WHat We’re Doing

Exposing schools that partner with predatory lenders

Students go into debt through deals that blur the line between school and lender, but leave families footing the bill and struggling to access their rights. We expose these back-room deals between colleges and financial firms.

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Identifying and analyzing predatory financial products

We spotlight unlawful and harmful practices by financial firms and FinTech lenders that offer students access to a dizzying array of high-cost, high risk credit products marketed as innovative ways to pay for college.

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Combatting institutional debts and protecting students

We fight for students who owe debts directly to schools for unpaid bills, fines, fees, and financial aid returned to the government—debts that often accrue interest and may be serviced or collected by private firms.

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By The Numbers

BILLIONS OF DOLLARS

Over the past decade, hundreds of thousands of students took on billions of dollars in shadow student debt to attend predatory for-profit schools.

$50 BILLION

Big banks made more than $50 billion in private student loans that could be wiped away in bankruptcy.

$390 MILLION in institutional debt

In California, 750,000 students in community colleges, Cal State universities, and the University of California will have incurred institutional student debts worth about $390 million in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is nearly 15% of all students who enrolled during this period.

In the Field

In The News


  • News Clips

    2U Bankruptcy Adds Fuel to OPM Uncertainties

    Longtime opponents of OPMs, including the Center for American Progress, the Project on Predatory Student Lending and the Student Borrower Protection Center, said the filing was an easy way out for a company that is long overdue for a final nail in its coffin.

    READ More


  • Press Releases

    “A Perverse Outcome”: Advocates Warn that 2U Bankruptcy Could Protect Executives at Students’ Expense

    2U’s bankruptcy comes as the company’s executives have taken a series of unsuccessful steps to shore up the failing firm.

    READ More


  • News Clips

    ‘Predatory’: Student Borrower Protection Center calls on UC to end online non-degree programs

    READ More


  • News Clips

    Advocacy Group Urges U. of California to Do Away With Boot Camps Run by OPMs

    READ More


  • News Clips

    They Were Told They’d Find Good Tech Jobs. Now They’re Being Hounded for Thousands of Dollars

    “Even if you were a hard-nosed accountant who only cared about collecting money for taxpayers, it makes no sense to try and collect a loan by driving borrowers into poverty and preventing them from getting back on their feet,” Education Department Undersecretary James Kvaal said in his opening remarks during a virtual panel held by the Student Borrower Protection Center.

    READ More


  • News Clips

    ‘They are looking for other ways to keep workers from leaving their jobs’: Training repayment agreements are the latest corporate battleground in a tight labor market.

    The Student Borrower Protection Center, a student loan borrower advocacy organization, estimates that these agreements are now so widespread that major employers in areas of the labor market that employ more than one-third of private sector workers are using them. Consumer advocates worry they put workers at risk of being in debt to their former employers and facing collection action and its repercussions, including wage garnishment and a ding to their credit score.

    READ More


  • News Clips

    PetSmart employees are suing the company claiming staffers are being forced to pay thousands for ‘free’ grooming training

    In a class-action lawsuit filed in the Superior Court of the State of California, plaintiff Breann Scally alleges that though PetSmart “promises aspiring groomers free, paid training,” the company is illegally saddling staffers with debt by forcing some to pay back thousands in training costs as part of a repayment stipulation.

    READ More


  • News Clips

    How the pandemic unfairly saddled low-income California college students with debt

    Voice piece by Jonathan Glater, Charlie Eaton, and Laura Hamilton

    READ More


  • News Clips

    $50 Billion of Student Debt Could be Wiped Away in Bankruptcy, Report Says

    “A new report indicates that as much as $50 billion in debt, colloquially referred to as private student loans and held by 2.6 million borrowers, could actually be wiped away in bankruptcy court. The findings come from an analysis published Thursday by the Student Borrower Protection Center, an advocacy group.”

    READ More

Featured Work


  • Blogs

    Private Lenders Would Cash In on Congress’s Student Loan Changes

    Congress’s plan to dramatically shrink the federal student loan program will force students to seek expensive, high-risk private student loans—benefiting companies with troubling records of consumer abuses.

    READ More


  • Press Releases

    As Bill Is Heard by Senate Committee, New Records Underline Urgent Need for Transparency of Maryland’s $332 Million Shadow Student Debt Market

    Read the latest Protect Borrowers press release.

    READ More


  • Press Releases

    Advocates Cheer As CFPB Takes On Private Lender, Climb Credit, for Peddling Predatory Loans for Bootcamps

    Read SBPC’s latest press release.

    READ More


  • Press Releases

    As Senate Hearing Sets Stage for Federal Policymakers to Take Overdue Action to Protect the Millions With Private Student Loans, SBPC Releases New State-by-State Data

    MOHELA is once again under fire, this time for it’s growing role in private loan markets.

    READ More


  • Reports

    Selling Out Students: A Case Study in Brand-Name Schools Partnering with For-Profit Scammers to Make a Buck

    This report exposes a scheme by the failed for-profit coding bootcamp Make School, Inc. and the private non-profit college Dominican University to drive hundreds of largely low-income students to each take on thousands of dollars of predatory private student loans and, for some, federal student loans.

    READ More


  • Blogs

    Colorado’s Nation-Leading Work to Shine a Light on Shadow Student Debt Exposes Massive Risks for Borrowers

    Less than a year after passing the Student Loan Equity Act, Colorado’s nation-leading work to shed light on shadow student debt reveals key risks.

    READ More


  • Reports

    Point of Fail: How a Flood of “Buy Now, Pay Later” Student Debt is Putting Millions at Risk

    This report documents the results of an SBPC investigation finding that emerging point-of-sale lending firms, particularly those in the rapidly growing BNPL space, are driving students toward risky loan products and propping up a startling array of questionable for-profit schools in the process.

    READ More


  • Letters & Memos

    Advocates Outline a Path Forward for California to Rein in Shadow Student Debt

    Advocates commented on proposed rules for education financing products in California aimed at protecting borrowers from predatory education financing products.

    READ More


  • Reports

    Pushing Predatory Products: How Public Universities are Partnering with Unaccountable Contractors to Drive Students Toward Risky Private Debt and Credit

    This report is the result of an investigation revealing that public colleges and universities nationwide are driving students toward expensive, predatory student debt.

    READ More


  • Blogs

    The Web of Players and Practices Allowing Predatory For-Profit Schools to Flourish

    For years, predatory for-profit schools have plagued the American higher education system, aggressively recruiting students into high-cost, low-quality education and training programs with false promises. As the abuses of this industry continue to come to light, the SBPC has launched investigations into the companies and practices that allow these schools to operate with impunity, raking […]

    READ More


  • Blogs

    The CFPB Must Investigate Climb Credit and Protect Borrowers Across the Dangerous, High-Cost Shadow Student Debt Market

    SBPC has uncovered additional evidence of troubling practices and possible borrower harm by Climb Credit, a specialty lender that offers loans students can use to finance attendance at job training programs ranging from coding bootcamps to teacher training courses.

    READ More


  • Investigations, Letters & Memos

    Advocates Sound Alarm on PayPal’s Education Financing Partnerships with Over 150 For-Profit Schools

    The SBPC, Allied Progress, Americans for Financial Reform, and Student Debt Crisis sent letters to the CEO of PayPal, Inc. and its regulators warning that the tech firm may be driving significant harm to borrowers attending for-profit schools.

    READ More


  • Reports

    Shadow Student Debt Report

    This report examines the web of predatory schools and financial services firms that drive students to take on risky, high-cost shadow student debt.

    READ More

EXPLORE OUR OTHER WORK

PREDATORY LENDING & PRIVATE CREDIT

We believe that opportunity should not come with a lifetime of debt. We are fighting to hold private companies accountable, demanding justice for families, and rewriting the rules that shape how private credit is extended, serviced, collected, and reported across the economy.

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Surveillance Credit & Big Tech

As Big Banks and Big Tech use information about families’ behavior when deciding who gets credit and how much it costs, we are sounding the alarm on how this new practice could drive families even further into debt—and who profits.

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SCAM SCHOOLS

We work with state and federal policymakers to protect families from low-quality, predatory schools and online tech companies that leave students with worthless degrees and training and mountains of debt.

Learn More
INSTITUTIONAL DEBT

For years, we have exposed the crisis of “institutional debts” owed directly to colleges for hidden costs, fees, and fines, and are leading statewide and federal efforts to end unjust practices like transcript withholding.

Learn More
INCOME SHARE AGREEMENTS

We are fighting to hold Wall Street and Silicon Valley accountable for a years-long scheme to drive students into predatory Income Share Agreements.

Learn More
BOOTCAMPS

We are fighting to hold bootcamp operators accountable for years of mismanagement and abuse.

Learn More

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